Edit

Share via


Work tracking, process, and project limits

Azure DevOps Services | Azure DevOps Server | Azure DevOps Server 2022 | Azure DevOps Server 2020

This article describes operational and object limits that Azure DevOps places on work tracking operations and customizations. Some practical limits also apply. Consider these limits when you customize work item types (WITs).

Work items and queries

The following limits apply to work item and query definitions.

Object Limit
Attachments per work item 100
Attachment size 60 MB
Long text field 1M characters
Query execution time 30 seconds
Query results 20,000 items
Query length 32,000 characters
Shared queries per folder 999 queries
Work item links per work item 1,000
Work item tags per work item 100
Work item revisions (REST API)* 10,000
Favorite queries per project 200 queries

*The REST API for Azure DevOps Services enforces a work item revision limit of 10,000 updates. This limit restricts updates made through the REST API, but doesn't apply to updates from the web portal.

Object Limit
Long text field 1M characters
Work item tags per work item 100
Work item links per work item 1,000
Attachments per work item 100
Attachment size* 4 MB to 2 GB
Query execution time 6 minutes
Query results 20,000 items
Query length 32,000 characters
Shared queries per folder 999 queries
Favorite queries per project 200 queries

*The default maximum attachment size is 4 MB. You can change the maximum size up to 2 GB.

For information about improving query performance, see Best practices to define a query.

Backlogs, boards, dashboards, and teams

The following operational and object limits apply to teams, work item tags, backlogs, and boards.

Component Limit
Backlogs 10,000 displayed work items*
Boards 1,000 cards excluding cards in the Proposed and Completed state categories
Taskboard 1,000 tasks
Area paths per project 10,000
Area paths per team 300
Area path depth 14 levels
Iteration paths per project 10,000
Iteration paths per team 300
Iteration path depth 14 levels
Project dashboards per project 500, accessible at the project level to anyone with project access
Team dashboards per team 500, specific to the team and used to track team-specific metrics and data
Teams per project 5,000
Work item tags per work item 100
Work item tags per organization or collection 150,000
Delivery plans per project 1,500
Templates per work item type 100

*Each backlog can display up to 10,000 work items, but there's no specific limit on the number of work items you can define. If your backlog exceeds 10,000 items, consider adding a team and moving some work items to the new team's backlog.

Tip

If you're approaching the dashboard limits, you can take the following actions to reduce their number.

  • Review the last accessed date or check with team members, then remove dashboards that are duplicates or unused.
  • Export the data and then archive old dashboards.
  • Combine and consolidate similar dashboards by adding more widgets to dashboards.
  • Use the Object Limit Tracker for real-time visibility into resource usage, including dashboards. This feature can help you proactively manage your limits and avoid potential issues. For more information, see Introducing Object Limit Tracker in Azure DevOps.

Other limits

  • Completed or closed work items don't display on backlogs and boards if their Changed Date is older than a year. You can still list these items using a query. To make the items appear on a backlog or board, make a minor change to reset the display clock.
  • Avoid nesting backlog items of the same type. For more information, see Fix reordering and nesting issues.
  • Avoid assigning the same area paths to more than one team. For more information, see Limitations of multiteam board views.
  • By default, work item limits might be set to lower values initially.

The following operational display and object limits apply to teams, work item tags, backlogs, and boards.

Component Limit
Backlogs* 999 work items
Boards 400 cards
Dashboards per project 500
Taskboard 800 work items
Teams per project 5,000
Work item tags per project 150,000
Work item tags per work item 100
Templates per work item type 100

*Each backlog can display up to 999 work items. If your backlog exceeds this limit, consider creating a new team and moving some of the work items to the new team's backlog.

Other limits

GitHub integration

If you integrate your project with GitHub, the following limits apply.

Integration Limit
Azure Boards web UI 1,000 connected GitHub repositories per connection
Azure Boards API* 2,000 connected GitHub repositories per connection

*For more information, see GitHub Connections - Get GitHub Connections.

Projects

Azure DevOps Services limits each organization to 1,000 projects, an increase over the previous limit of 300 projects. Above 300 projects, certain experiences, like connecting to a project from Visual Studio, might degrade.

For on-premises Azure DevOps Server, there are no hard limits on projects per collection, but performance issues might arise as the number of projects nears 300. Certain experiences, like connecting to a project from Visual Studio, might degrade.

When migrating to Azure DevOps Services, observe a maximum limit of 1,000 projects. If your collection exceeds this limit, split the collection or delete older projects. For more information, see Migrate data from Azure DevOps Server to Azure DevOps Services.

Process customization

There are many limits on the number of objects you can define for a process. For more information, see Customize your work tracking experience.

The following table lists the maximum number of objects you can define for the Inheritance and Hosted XML process models. Practical limits might also apply.

Object Inheritance Hosted XML
Number of processes per organization 128 64
Work item types per process 64 64
Fields per organization 8192 8192
Fields per process 1024 1024
Fields per work item type 1024 1024
Picklists per organization 2048 -
Picklist items per list 2048 2048
Picklist item character length 256 -
Workflow states per work item type 32 16
Rules per work item type 1024 1024
Actions per work item type 1024 1024
Actions per rule 10 10
Portfolio backlog levels per process 5 5
Categories per process - 32
Work item attachment size 60 MB 60 MB

Note

For the Hosted XML process model, you can define approximately 10,000 items across all global lists specified in all WITs. For other restrictions and conformance requirements of the Hosted XML process model, see Customize a process when using Hosted XML.

The following table lists the maximum number of objects you can define for the Inheritance and On-premises XML process models. Practical limits might also apply.

Object Inheritance On-premises XML
Number of processes per collection 64 64
Work item types per process 64 64
Fields per collection 8192 1024
Fields per process 1024 1024
Fields per work item type 1024 1024
Picklists per collection 1024 N/A
Picklist items per list 2048 2048
Picklist item character length 256 N/A
Workflow states per work item type 32 16
Rules per work item type 1024 1024
Portfolio backlog levels per process 5 5
Categories per process N/A 32
Global lists per process N/A 256
List items per global list N/A 1024

Note

For the On-premises XML process model, you can define an approximate total of 10,000 items for all global lists specified across all WITs.

Practical limits

To minimize performance issues, follow this guidance:

  • Limit the number of custom fields you define. All custom fields contribute to the total allowed for a process, collection, or organization. You can specify different behaviors, such as rules and picklists, for the same field in different WITs.

  • Limit the number of rules you define for a WIT. While you can create multiple rules for a WIT, other rules can negatively affect performance when users add or modify work items.

  • Limit the number of custom WITs you define.

  • Limit the number of reportable fields you define. Reportable fields can affect the performance of your data warehouse.

Work Item Rules Validation Exceeds SQL Limits

A single SQL expression is defined per project to validate work items whenever they're created or updated. This expression grows with the number of rules specified for all work item types in the project.

Each behavioral qualifier for a field increases the number of subexpressions. Nested rules, rules that apply only on a transition, or rules conditioned on the value of another field add more conditions to an IF statement.

When users save work items, the system validates all rules associated with the fields for that work item type. Once the expression reaches a certain size or complexity, SQL can no longer evaluate it efficiently and may generate an error. To resolve this error, remove some WITs or eliminate some rules.

Rate limits

Azure DevOps Services, like many Software-as-a-Service solutions, uses multitenancy to reduce costs and enhance scalability and performance. To ensure good performance and minimize the risk of outages, Azure DevOps Services limits the resources individuals can consume and the number of requests they can make to certain commands. When these limits are exceeded, subsequent requests might be delayed or blocked.

Most rate limits are reached through REST API calls or nonoptimized queries. For more information, see Rate limits and Best practices to avoid hitting rate limits.

Migration and import limits

When you migrate from on-premises Azure DevOps Server to Azure DevOps Services, you might encounter the following size issues:

  • Database size exceeding the recommended size
  • Largest table size exceeding the recommended size
  • Database metadata size exceeding the supported size

For more information, see Migrate data from Azure DevOps Server to Azure DevOps Services and Troubleshoot import and migration errors.