이벤트 개요

UI 스레드에 비동기 친화적인 마샬링을 제공하는 .NET 9가 도입되었습니다 Control.InvokeAsync. 호출 스레드를 차단하는 Control.Invoke 달리, Control.InvokeAsync 메시지 큐에 비차단으로 게시합니다. 자세한 Control.InvokeAsync내용은 컨트롤에 대한 스레드로부터 안전한 호출을 만드는 방법을 참조하세요.

InvokeAsync의 주요 이점:

• 비차단: 호출 스레드를 계속할 수 있도록 즉시 반환합니다.
• 비동기 호환: 대기할 수 있는 Task 값을 반환합니다.
• 예외 전파: 예외를 호출 코드로 올바르게 전파합니다.
• 취소 지원: 작업 취소를 지원합니다 CancellationToken .

private async void processButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    processButton.Enabled = false;
    
    // Start background work
    await Task.Run(async () =>
    {
        for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i += 10)
        {
            // Simulate work
            await Task.Delay(200);
            
            // Create local variable to avoid closure issues
            int currentProgress = i;
            
            // Update UI safely from background thread
            await progressBar.InvokeAsync(() =>
            {
                progressBar.Value = currentProgress;
                statusLabel.Text = $"Progress: {currentProgress}%";
            });
        }
    });
    
    processButton.Enabled = true;
}

Private Async Sub processButton_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles processButton.Click
    processButton.Enabled = False

    ' Start background work
    Await Task.Run(Async Function()
                       For i As Integer = 0 To 100 Step 10
                           ' Simulate work
                           Await Task.Delay(200)

                           ' Create local variable to avoid closure issues
                           Dim currentProgress As Integer = i

                           ' Update UI safely from background thread
                           Await progressBar.InvokeAsync(Sub()
                                                             progressBar.Value = currentProgress
                                                             statusLabel.Text = $"Progress: {currentProgress}%"
                                                         End Sub)
                       Next
                   End Function)

    processButton.Enabled = True
End Sub

UI 스레드에서 실행해야 하는 진정한 비동기 작업의 경우:

private async void complexButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    // This runs on UI thread but doesn't block it
    statusLabel.Text = "Starting complex operation...";

    // Dispatch and run on a new thread
    await Task.WhenAll(Task.Run(SomeApiCallAsync),
                       Task.Run(SomeApiCallAsync),
                       Task.Run(SomeApiCallAsync));

    // Update UI directly since we're already on UI thread
    statusLabel.Text = "Operation completed";
}

private async Task SomeApiCallAsync()
{
    using var client = new HttpClient();

    // Simulate random network delay
    await Task.Delay(Random.Shared.Next(500, 2500));

    // Do I/O asynchronously
    string result = await client.GetStringAsync("https://github.com/dotnet/docs/raw/refs/heads/main/README.md");

    // Marshal back to UI thread
    await this.InvokeAsync(async (cancelToken) =>
    {
        loggingTextBox.Text += $"{Environment.NewLine}Operation finished at: {DateTime.Now:HH:mm:ss.fff}";
    });

    // Do more async I/O ...
}

Private Async Sub complexButton_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles complexButton.Click
    'Convert the method to enable the extension method on the type
    Dim method = DirectCast(AddressOf ComplexButtonClickLogic,
                            Func(Of CancellationToken, Task))

    'Invoke the method asynchronously on the UI thread
    Await Me.InvokeAsync(method.AsValueTask())
End Sub

Private Async Function ComplexButtonClickLogic(token As CancellationToken) As Task
    ' This runs on UI thread but doesn't block it
    statusLabel.Text = "Starting complex operation..."

    ' Dispatch and run on a new thread
    Await Task.WhenAll(Task.Run(AddressOf SomeApiCallAsync),
                       Task.Run(AddressOf SomeApiCallAsync),
                       Task.Run(AddressOf SomeApiCallAsync))

    ' Update UI directly since we're already on UI thread
    statusLabel.Text = "Operation completed"
End Function

Private Async Function SomeApiCallAsync() As Task
    Using client As New HttpClient()

        ' Simulate random network delay
        Await Task.Delay(Random.Shared.Next(500, 2500))

        ' Do I/O asynchronously
        Dim result As String = Await client.GetStringAsync("https://github.com/dotnet/docs/raw/refs/heads/main/README.md")

        ' Marshal back to UI thread
        ' Extra work here in VB to handle ValueTask conversion
        Await Me.InvokeAsync(DirectCast(
                Async Function(cancelToken As CancellationToken) As Task
                    loggingTextBox.Text &= $"{Environment.NewLine}Operation finished at: {DateTime.Now:HH:mm:ss.fff}"
                End Function,
            Func(Of CancellationToken, Task)).AsValueTask() 'Extension method to convert Task
        )

        ' Do more Async I/O ...
    End Using
End Function

.NET Framework를 대상으로 하는 애플리케이션의 경우 적절한 비동기 처리와 함께 기존 패턴을 사용합니다.

private async void legacyButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    var legacyButton = sender as Button;
    legacyButton.Enabled = false;
    
    try
    {
        // Move to background thread to avoid blocking UI
        await Task.Run(async () =>
        {
            var result = await SomeAsyncOperation();
            
            // Marshal back to UI thread
            this.Invoke(new Action(() =>
            {
                loggingTextBox.Text = result;
                statusLabel.Text = "Complete";
            }));
        });
    }
    finally
    {
        // This runs on the UI thread since the await completed
        legacyButton.Enabled = true;
    }
}

private async Task<string> SomeAsyncOperation()
{
    using var httpClient = new HttpClient();
    await Task.Delay(2000); // Simulate delay
    return await httpClient.GetStringAsync("https://github.com/dotnet/docs/raw/refs/heads/main/README.md");
}

Private Async Sub legacyButton_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles legacyButton.Click
    Dim legacyButton As Button = TryCast(sender, Button)
    legacyButton.Enabled = False

    Try
        ' Move to background thread to avoid blocking UI
        Await Task.Run(Async Function()
                           Dim result As String = Await SomeAsyncOperation()

                           ' Marshal back to UI thread
                           Me.Invoke(New Action(Sub()
                                                    loggingTextBox.Text = result
                                                    statusLabel.Text = "Complete"
                                                End Sub))
                       End Function)
    Finally
        ' This runs on the UI thread since the await completed
        legacyButton.Enabled = True
    End Try
End Sub

Private Async Function SomeAsyncOperation() As Task(Of String)
    Using httpClient As New HttpClient()
        Return Await httpClient.GetStringAsync("https://github.com/dotnet/docs/raw/refs/heads/main/README.md")
    End Using
End Function