_sopen, _wsopen

Opens a file for sharing. More secure versions of these functions are available: see _sopen_s, _wsopen_s.

Syntax

int _sopen(
   const char *filename,
   int oflag,
   int shflag [,
   int pmode ]
);
int _wsopen(
   const wchar_t *filename,
   int oflag,
   int shflag [,
   int pmode ]
);

Parameters

filename
File name.

oflag
The kind of operations allowed.

shflag
The kind of sharing allowed.

pmode
Permission setting.

Return value

Each of these functions returns a file descriptor for the opened file.

If filename or oflag is a NULL pointer, or if oflag or shflag isn't within a valid range of values, the invalid parameter handler is invoked, as described in Parameter validation. If execution is allowed to continue, these functions return -1 and set errno to one of the following values.

For more information about these and other return codes, see errno, _doserrno, _sys_errlist, and _sys_nerr.

Remarks

The _sopen function opens the file specified by filename and prepares the file for shared reading or writing, as defined by oflag and shflag. _wsopen is a wide-character version of _sopen; the filename argument to _wsopen is a wide-character string. _wsopen and _sopen behave identically otherwise.

By default, this function's global state is scoped to the application. To change it, see Global state in the CRT.

Generic-text routine mappings

The integer expression oflag is formed by combining one or more of the following manifest constants, which are defined in <fcntl.h>. When two or more constants form the argument oflag, they're combined with the bitwise-OR operator ( | ).

To specify the file access mode, you must specify either _O_RDONLY, _O_RDWR, or _O_WRONLY. There's no default value for the access mode.

When a file is opened in Unicode mode by using _O_WTEXT, _O_U8TEXT, or _O_U16TEXT, input functions translate the data that's read from the file into UTF-16 data stored as type wchar_t. Functions that write to a file opened in Unicode mode expect buffers that contain UTF-16 data stored as type wchar_t. If the file is encoded as UTF-8, then UTF-16 data is translated into UTF-8 when it's written. The file's UTF-8-encoded content is translated into UTF-16 when it's read. An attempt to read or write an odd number of bytes in Unicode mode causes a parameter validation error. To read or write data that's stored in your program as UTF-8, use a text or binary file mode instead of a Unicode mode. You're responsible for any required encoding translation.

If _sopen is called with _O_WRONLY | _O_APPEND (append mode) and _O_WTEXT, _O_U16TEXT, or _O_U8TEXT, it first tries to open the file for reading and writing, read the BOM, then reopen it for writing only. If opening the file for reading and writing fails, it opens the file for writing only and uses the default value for the Unicode mode setting.

The argument shflag is a constant expression consisting of one of the following manifest constants, which are defined in <share.h>.

The pmode argument is required only when _O_CREAT is specified. If the file doesn't exist, pmode specifies the file's permission settings, which are set when the new file is closed the first time. Otherwise, pmode is ignored. pmode is an integer expression that contains one or both of the manifest constants _S_IWRITE and _S_IREAD, which are defined in <sys\stat.h>. When both constants are given, they're combined with the bitwise-OR operator. The meaning of pmode is as follows.

If write permission isn't given, the file is read-only. In the Windows operating system, all files are readable; it isn't possible to give write-only permission. Therefore, the modes _S_IWRITE and _S_IREAD | _S_IWRITE are equivalent.

_sopen applies the current file-permission mask to pmode before the permissions are set. For more information, see _umask.

Requirements

For more compatibility information, see Compatibility.

Example

See the example for _locking.

See also

Low-level I/O
_close
_creat, _wcreat
fopen, _wfopen
_fsopen, _wfsopen
_open, _wopen